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Investigate the Change in the Behavior of Supplementary Insurers and Insured Individuals Before and after the Implementation of the Health System Reform in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Hospitals
Shapour Badiee Aval, Amin Adel, Hosein Ebrahimipour, Akbar Javan Biparva, Elaheh Askarzadeh,
Volume 1, Issue 4 (2-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Since supplementary insurance patients should benefit from the benefits of insurance, they do not receive health subsidies, the behavior of supplementary insurance organizations and their insured may be endangered for supplementary insurance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in the behavior of supplementary insurers and insured individuals before and after the implementation of the health system reform in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences hospitals.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on a retrospective cross-sectional study in 2012-2017. The population of the study consisted of 2099499 admitted and under-observed patients in 24 public hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected by referring to the hospital discharge department and patient information through HIS in each hospital. The accuracy of the data was evaluated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v16 and EViews v10 software.
Results: The share of supplementary insurance in the year 2012 was about 1, and in the year 2013, Implementation of the health system reform program has reduced the share of supplementary insurance, And by the end of the year 2017, the trend has been declining to 0.2.
Conclusions: It seems that supplementary insurance contracts should be integrated with university hospitals and patients' insurance coverage should be done electronically.

Analysis of the Effects of Social Capital on the Strategy of Observing Social Distance and Controlling the COVID-19 Pandemic with a System Dynamics Approach
Amin Faghfouri Azar, Fatemeh Bakouie, Mohammad Hosein Mahdavi Adeli, Reza Radfar, Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (8-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic unprecedented risks to the health system as one of the main pillars of development and social welfare has emerged around the world and in Iran, and in the last 20 months, the world has witnessed new paradigms of human life, including the need to observe social distance to deal with this pervasive and global disease. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the production and accumulation of social capital and its effects on the process of observing social distance as one of the non-pharmacological policies to deal with the prevalence of Covid-19 pandemic, in line with research from other countries and filling the gap available in Iranian research.
Methods: Extracting, quantifying and determining the equations of variables and determining the boundaries of the system in the process of production and accumulation of social capital in this study by summarizing the views of theorists, experts by conducting semi-structured interviews and combining it was done by fuzzy Delphi method. Modeling and data analysis was performed with a systemic approach and methodology of systems dynamics and the use of Wensim software.
Results: After simulating the model and performing tests to confirm its validity, it was found that there is a gap between social capital and the process of observing social distance as one of the non-pharmacological policies of the health system to control the Covid-19 pandemic. There is a causal and positive relationship. By performing tests for model structure, system behavior and policy sensitivity analysis, optimistic, pessimistic and realistic scenarios based on 8 selected policies, the optimal policy for long-term reforms and changes were selected and proposed.
Conclusion: The findings of this study, while explaining some unknown aspects of people’s behavior and the effects of social capital on the observance of social distance to control the Covid-19 pandemic, provide strategies for health policymakers that if implemented, we will see more and more public confidence as the main factor in the reproduction and accumulation of social capital and the support of people to transition from the current unfavorable situation to better conditions.

Investigation the Relationship Between Social Capital and Public Health in Iran’s Legatum Prosperity Index with Canonical Correlation Analysis
Amin Faghfouri Azar, Fatemeh Bakouie, Mohammad Hosein Mahdavi Adeli, Reza Radfar, Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (8-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Health, as an inherent value for humans, plays an important role in improving the happiness of society and the prosperity of individuals, and is often considered as a key component of human capital that leads to greater economic growth. The concept of social capital shows how the social structure of a group can act as a valuable resource for its people to achieve their goals at a lower cost. Considering health as an asset means the decentralization of policies from risk factors to a more comprehensive perspective based on social factors, including social capital, and the upcoming research was conducted on this basis.
Methods: This research was descriptive and correlational. Data analysis was performed through canonical correlation and multiple regression using secondary data collected by Legatum Institute in 2021 and data related to Iran in the period from 2007 to 2020, with the 24th edition of SPSS software.
Results: According to the significance of Pillais and Wilkes tests at a significance level of 5%, the correlation coefficient of social capital and health was determined to be 0.89. According to the structural coefficients, elements of longevity, physical health, mental health, care systems, preventive interventions, and high-risk behavioral factors had the greatest impact on the canonical variable of health, respectively. Based on the standard coefficients, it was found that interpersonal trust has the greatest impact on health, and institutional trust, social networks, civil and social participation, and personal and family relationships as elements of social capital, were placed in the next priorities of impact on health.
Conclusion: Social capital plays an important role in understanding the determinants of health, and it is inevitable to pay special attention to it by policymakers in order to eliminate health inequalities. This is the basis in Iran’s health policy process, which is still facing many challenges, in addition to paying attention to hardware and treatment-oriented strategies, social capital can and should be given special importance as one of the most important determinants of health.

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