Showing 8 results for Social Security Organization
Amin Hassan Zadeh, Diba Daraee,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Demographic rates, such as mortality rates, have an important role in the calculations and policymaking of insurance (social and commercial) and funds. Since TD (88-90) Mortality Table, which is prescribed by the Central Insurance of Iran and overestimates the mortality rates, is still used in actuarial calculations in Iran, it is important and useful to construct a life table that provides an accurate estimation of the mortality of the Iranian population. Due to the importance of this issue, the purpose of this paper is to estimate the mortality rates of insured of the Social Funds of Farmers, Villagers and Tribes in 2016, which actually is a sub-population of 1.5 million people in Iran.
Methods: In this paper in order to minimize the effect of data’s few-counting of death, the target population has been limited to active insured members in the year 2016. For each age x, the raw mortality rate is obtained by dividing the number of x-year dead by the x-year exposures. The smoothing of the raw rates is done by the Makeham model with A = 0.0001, B = 0.0001521 and c = 1.073 parameters which have been estimated by the least-squares error method.
Results: The mortality rates for active insured male members of the fund for ages between 30 and 80 have been estimated. The resulting rates for ages between 30 and 71 are higher than rates which obtained by insured people of the Social Security Organization and lower than rates of TD (88-90). The fund rates in comparison with the rates presented by the United Nations, are higher up to age 60 and lower at age 60 up to age 71.
Conclusionس: The results and comparisons show that the estimated rates for the fund are largely reasonable and reliable. According to the comparisons, it can also be said that the estimated rates for the fund and the rates which were presented by the United Nations are the closest among the rates presented by the four sources listed.
Alijavad Karimi, Esfandiar Mohammadi, Mahmoud Mohammadi,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Humans are always at risk of various diseases and inevitably incur high medical costs and hospital costs for recovery and treatment. In order to help people in such cases, various health insurance plans are provided as a basis and complementary, but due to the lack of a single insurer in the presentation, problems have arisen in the field of health insurance. The purpose of this study is to identify the consequences of providing supplementary insurance along with basic insurance by the Social Security Organization of Iran to solve these problems.
Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose with a combined approach, which was conducted in the qualitative part with a focus on semi-structured interviews in the quantitative part based on exploratory and inferential methods. Its statistical population includes managers and experts in the field of insurance-treatment working in the country's social security organization in 1399, which sampling is done purposefully and in the qualitative section until the categories are saturated (15 samples).
Results: Based on the calculated data, extraction concepts (95 concepts) were classified into 27 sub-categories. The sub-categories were also classified into 5 main categories and thus the consequences of providing supplementary insurance by the Social Security Organization were identified. In the quantitative part, due to the fact that the value of the factor load is above 0.5 and the value of CR indicators is less than 0.7, so the data had a good fit with the factor structure of the theoretical basis of the research and were consistent with them.
Conclusion: According to the findings, the implementation of this plan leads to the possibility of special individual insured and no employer with supplementary health insurance, reducing the treatment costs of the insured and the organization, the possibility of discounts on supplementary premiums and consolidation of health insurance will be.
Hossen Joudaki, Bita Hemmat-Boland, Najmeh Sadat Mirshafiei,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study is to predict the per capita outpatient contacts of social security insured from 2020 to 2025.
Methods: To perform the prediction, a five-step method including determining the purpose of the prediction, determining the time horizon, selecting the prediction model, performing the prediction and determining its accuracy was used.
Results: The number of outpatient contacts of social security insured at the end of 2025 will be equal to 553,124,688. Of these, 157,843,600 will be referred to social security medical centers (28.5%) and 395,281,088 will be referred to public and private centers (71.5%).
In 2019, each insured person had an average of 10.92 outpatient contacts. Of this amount, 3.24 referred to the medical centers of the Social Security Organization and 7.68 referred to public and private centers of the contracting party. It is predicted that by the end of 2025, each insured person will have 11 outpatient contacts, of which 3.14 contacts will be to social security medical centers and 7.86 will be to public and private medical centers.
Conclusion: The per capita number of outpatient contacts of social security insured will increase by 0.08 by 2025. That is, for every 100 people, there will be 8 more contacts than in 2019. Despite the slight increase in per capita outpatient contacts until 2025, per capita contacts in 2025 will still be 0.74 units lower than the maximum per capita contacts in 2009. The estimated per capita is lower than the actual per capita due to the non-registration of claims outside the insurance coverage.
Farnoosh Azizi, Hossein Joudaki, Amirabbas Fazayeli, Farhad Kouhi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (8-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess financial performance of 260 clinic’s laboratories affiliated to Social Security Organization (SSO) from 2012 to 2019.
Methods: Step-down cost accounting was used. At first, the proportion of laboratory cost separated from the total clinic cost for each clinic, then four groups of indicators were measured including: ratio of laboratory cost to total clinic current cost, ratio of direct, overhead and support cost to total laboratory cost, the average cost and revenue per laboratory prescription and total revenue to total cost ratio.
Results: Ratio of laboratory cost to total clinic cost has been 11% on average from 2012 to 2019 and its trend has not changed significantly. Ratio of direct, support and overhead costs to the total laboratory cost was 61%, 33% and 6% respectively. The average annual growth of cost and revenue per laboratory prescription was 28% and 26% respectively. In studied years, the revenue of laboratories covered an average of 48% of their costs with a declining trend.
Conclusion: There is a significant gap between the costs and revenues of the SSO clinic’s laboratories and a wide variation in financial performance of laboratories even in similar environment as well. To conclude, the results of this study demonstrate opportunities to optimize financial performance of laboratories.
Reza Kiani, Majid Kosheshi,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: A study of the situation of Iranian pension funds shows that these funds have faced significant financial challenges in the last two decades and have reached a state of instability in the pension system. This raises serious questions about the ability of funds to meet their obligations for the benefit of beneficiaries. One of the tools for measuring the balance of resources and expenditures and the stability of pension funds is the support ratio. The purpose of this study is to examine this ratio in pension funds with an emphasis on social security and its developments over the past 50 years.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical research through secondary analysis of organizational registration data. The data used were obtained from statistical and information sources of pension funds and the Statistics and Information Office of the Ministry of Labor Cooperation and Social Welfare.
Results: State Pension Funds, Steel, Central Bank, Radio and Television, National Copper and Ports and Shipping have a support ratio below one. By classifying this ratio with the following group of 2 employees retired, to this list can be added banks, Homa Airlines, Central Insurance and Oil. Also, the support ratio in the Social Security Fund has been decreasing in recent years, so that in the last ten years it has decreased from 6.81 in 2010 to 4.5 in 2019.
Conclusion: The crisis in pension funds is so important that any neglect of it can create a national challenge in the country. The results obtained in this study show that the support ratio in pension funds has a decreasing trend and the continuation of this trend poses major risks to the Iranian economy.
Keyvan Mortazavi Saraee, Mahmoud Mahmoudzadeh, Hamidreza Izadbakhsh,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (8-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: The Social Security Organization, as the largest social insurance organization in the country, plays an important and decisive role in ensuring the health and dynamism of the society, and one of its most important goals is to provide various insurance and medical services to the covered people. But achieving this goal is possible when the sources and costs and the factors affecting them, which are the prerequisites for providing services and their costs, are accurately and transparently known and analysed.
Method: In this research, by modelling the resources and expenses of the social security organization with the system dynamics method, it has been investigated the effects of the corona disease, as well as forecasting the conditions of this organization in the coming years and providing suggestions to solve its problems.
Results: According to the findings of this research, increasing the insurance premium received from 30 to 35%, as well as increasing the retirement age by 5 years, can increase the resources of this organization and prevent its bankruptcy.
Conclusion: The adoption of the policies proposed in this research, despite their sometimes very high impact, alone cannot provide a useful approach to prevent the bankruptcy of the Social Security Fund. In order to ensure the improvement of the conditions of the fund, it is suggested that in addition to the proposed policies in the field of changing the social security system, as well as adopting more efficient long-term and mid-term policies, some changes should be made in order to choose a suitable approach to overcome the current situation.
Quomars Samiei, Babak Hajikarimi, Mohammad Mehdi Mozafari,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (10-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Medical tourism industry is one of the most lucrative industries in world. Insurance increases the comfort of tourists. The development of the tourism industry is accompanied by the growth of insurance services. Increasing the country's foreign exchange earnings through the medical tourism industry; is essential. In this research, we intend to present all the effective components of insurance in the marketing model of medical tourism of the Social Security Organization.
Methods: This research is based on the purpose of applied research, in terms of how to collect data is descriptive-survey and in terms of research approach, is a mixed exploratory method. Which was done in 2021. In qualitative approach using Delphi technique, effective components in medical tourism are identified. In quantitative approach, the research model was finalized using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results: The insurance factor affects the marketing of medical tourism. And this factor has five components; Fast and effective redemption of insurance, Full health insurance coverage, Other supplementary insurance services such as travel and theft and Acceptance of international health insurance and the transferability and validity of health insurance in other countries were identified.
Conclusion: Results of this research help the health policy makers of the country to increase their foreign exchange earnings by using this research model. And with regard to the insurance components of the model and effective measures by the government, Insurance companies will reduce the financial and security threats of tourists and ultimately increase the attraction of medical tourists from other countries.
Leila Ahmadvand, Masoud Soufimajidpour, Mahmoud Mahmoudzadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The escalating costs of the social security system, coupled with the rising burden of expenses on income, represent some of the most significant economic challenges facing our country. Formulating a plan to address this issue necessitates an understanding of the factors that influence the expenses of the social security system. It is crucial to assess the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on social security expenditures.
Methods: In this study, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed to assess the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on the expenses of the Social Security Organization from 2010 to 2019. The ARDL model is a single equation approach that incorporates past lags of both independent variables and the dependent variable itself into the equation, providing a more accurate estimate. The data for this research were sourced from the statistical records and financial statements of the Social Security Organization. After standardization, these data were then incorporated into the study.
Results: Liquidity and the ratio of government expenditures to gross domestic product (GDP) exert a negative impact on social security expenditures. This could be attributed to the short-term effects of these variables on business prosperity and the temporary reduction of unemployment. The correlation of unemployment, interest rates, and exchange rates with the organization’s expenses was found to be positive. Additionally, the life expectancy index and support ratio positively influenced the organization’s expenses. This was one of the advantages of the Social Security Organization, as it led to an increase in the benefit period for pensioners. In the long term, an increase in liquidity, coupled with the effects of inflation and wage growth, can lead to a rise in social security costs. Similarly, an increase in the support ratio and life expectancy exerts the same effects.
Conclusion: The government’s monetary and fiscal policies significantly influence the financial status of the Social Security Organization. Considering the organization’s impact on the well-being of over 45 million individuals, it is crucial to consider its role as a non-governmental public institution when making macro-policy decisions in various fields. These decisions should consider their effects on all aspects of the macroeconomics and institutions, especially non-governmental public institutions, such as the Social Security Organization.
