Hossein Effat Panah 
, Daniel Sarlak , Anahita Bahmanjeh , Mohammad Javad Hossein Tehrani , Rajab Mardani *1
, Daniel Sarlak , Anahita Bahmanjeh , Mohammad Javad Hossein Tehrani , Rajab Mardani *1
1- , rajabmardani@yahoo.com
Abstract: (22 Views)
Abstract
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the performance of tumor biomarkers CA-125, PSA, HER2, AFP, and NMP22 in diagnosing, monitoring, and predicting response to cancer treatment, as well as analyzing their economic impact on the health system.
Methods: Data from 1,170 patients from different clinical studies were collected and analyzed with SPSS software. Sensitivity and specificity indices were calculated and supplemented with ROC curve analysis and bioinformatics methods. Independent t-tests, chi-square, and ANOVA were used to compare groups.
Results: It had the highest diagnostic performance with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 90%. HER2 was the most effective biomarker clinically and economically with a 78% improvement in targeted therapy and a 40% reduction in treatment costs. Other biomarkers, CA-125 with a 62% improvement, AFP with a 72% improvement, and NMP22 with a 65% improvement had a complementary role in diagnosing and monitoring the disease. Analysis of signaling pathways showed that PI3K/AKT is a common pathway of CA-125 and NMP22 in treatment resistance.
Discussion: From a health insurance perspective, coverage of biomarker tests improves diagnostic accuracy and treatment quality, reduces hospitalization costs and non-targeted treatments, and leads to significant savings in health system resources in the long term.
Conclusion: The studied biomarkers are an efficient tool in the clinical management of cancer, and their inclusion in health insurance coverage packages is considered a cost-effective approach for the treatment system.
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the performance of tumor biomarkers CA-125, PSA, HER2, AFP, and NMP22 in diagnosing, monitoring, and predicting response to cancer treatment, as well as analyzing their economic impact on the health system.
Methods: Data from 1,170 patients from different clinical studies were collected and analyzed with SPSS software. Sensitivity and specificity indices were calculated and supplemented with ROC curve analysis and bioinformatics methods. Independent t-tests, chi-square, and ANOVA were used to compare groups.
Results: It had the highest diagnostic performance with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 90%. HER2 was the most effective biomarker clinically and economically with a 78% improvement in targeted therapy and a 40% reduction in treatment costs. Other biomarkers, CA-125 with a 62% improvement, AFP with a 72% improvement, and NMP22 with a 65% improvement had a complementary role in diagnosing and monitoring the disease. Analysis of signaling pathways showed that PI3K/AKT is a common pathway of CA-125 and NMP22 in treatment resistance.
Discussion: From a health insurance perspective, coverage of biomarker tests improves diagnostic accuracy and treatment quality, reduces hospitalization costs and non-targeted treatments, and leads to significant savings in health system resources in the long term.
Conclusion: The studied biomarkers are an efficient tool in the clinical management of cancer, and their inclusion in health insurance coverage packages is considered a cost-effective approach for the treatment system.
Type of Study: Review Article |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/05/22 | Revised: 2026/06/7 | Accepted: 2026/06/6
Received: 2026/05/22 | Revised: 2026/06/7 | Accepted: 2026/06/6
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